Selective Mutism

Selective Mutism or “SM” is best understood as a complex childhood anxiety disorder, the most common signs of SM are a child or adolescent’s inability to speak in one or more social settings (e.g., at school, in public places, with adults, etc.) it is not a disorder that can be immediately diagnosed, but it is easier to identify at an early age. It is usually misdiagnosed or brushed off as a child being “shy”. Selective Mutism is often misdiagnosed, children can go without treatment and this makes it difficult to help the child and to the illness from affecting long term, if left untreated, this can lead to so-cial difficulties and/or isolation overtime. SM can even through and into adolescence and even adulthood if left un-treated. Selective Mutism is described as a “persistent failure to speak in specific social situations (such as school, or with playmates) where speaking is expected, despite speaking in other situations” (Camposano, 2011). Children with selective mutism usually interact and communicate verbally where they are most comfortable (home ect.) they are able to understand and speak the language used, but when placed in a social setting (such as school, or with playmates) they become mute and socially withdrawn. Studies suggest that “Selective Mutism may occur in .7 to 2% of elementary, middle, and high school students.” (Camposano, 2011). School Personnel and staff especially teachers, can play important role in the treatment of students with selective mutism, often times, the symptoms of this disorder become more apparent when a child enters school, teachers often have the responsibility of making referrals for diagnosis.

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