Amcult Case

African Americans expected changed after becoming "freed" after slavery ended but much did not change after the Reconstruction era. Whites were trying their best to keep their superiority and disenfranchise blacks by Jim Crow laws. Even though some blacks retaliated with violence others worked towards nonviolent and resistance to fight back against segregation. Litwack described different ways of how blacks began to take matters into their own hands with coming together as a community to strengthen one another to fight against disenfranchisement and the Jim Crow laws. One way Liwack expressed how blacks overcame facing segregation was by first simply avoiding actions that might get arrest, assaulted or even killed. Blacks avoided any gestures, looks, acts, words, or even facial expressions that might be misinterpreted so they wouldn't break the "unwritten " rules of Jim Crow. Literacy was one of the most direct appeals to urge blacks to exercise their rights to vote and to over come Jim Crow. Blacks used this urge and became resourceful by trying to fight the voting requirements placed at the polls like literacy test portion by acquiring the necessary education in order to vote. Once blacks began to know the answers to the test whites made other ways to keep blacks from voting.

Meeting discrimination with organization was another way Litwack explained how blacks came together to build strength in the community. Taking after what the Jews did blacks wanted to reduce repression and overcome prejudice by improving their economic and financial success. For example black entrepreneurs provided services that white companies and white businessmen refused like insurance companies, bank loan, barbering, and burying. Aside from becoming literate and providing services, organizations like the NAACP arose to step in a do things like fight for blacks civil rights.

Going to church was also a way blacks came together to strengthen their