Sigmond Frued

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SIGMUND FREUD        

FREDDIE GRANT ENG1105: WRITING AND RESEARCH INSTRUCTOR: KENNETH PRESSMAN

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Freddie Grant

Professor Kenneth Pressman

Writing and Research

January 25, 2017

Introduction

Sigmund Freud; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; (May 6th 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. Freud is believed to be one of the most debatable psychologists in history to this day, yet his philosophies and concepts are widely recognized. Freud’s positions have become entrenched within the controverterminology of western society. The point of view presented through his philosophies are now the foundation of psychology, such as anal (personality), libido, denial, repression, cathartic, Freudian slip, and neurotic.

He generated ground-breaking approaches for comprehending human behavior, and his hard work brought about the most comprehensive theory of personality and psychotherapy ever established. “Hardly any discipline of thought has remained unaffected by the Freudian revolution but the impact has also been uncertain” (Pollack, 1984). Freud’s philosophies are condemned because his theories are debatable and his ideas are challenging for the run-of-the-mill person to cope with, but that could quite conceivably be the notion that Freud was trying to communicate. Yet “arguably no other notable figure in history was so fantastically wrong about nearly every important thing he had to say” (Todd Dufresne).

Freud was the firstborn in a Viennese family of three boys and five girls. He was born in Freiberg, a rural town near Ostrau in northwestern Moravia. Even though Freud's household had inadequate finances and were compelled to live in a congested residence, his parents made every attempt to nurture his noticeable scholarly capabilities.

Regrettably, his profession options were restricted due to his Jewish heritage. In 1886 Freud opened his first neurologist's office in Vienna. His biographers concur that the abnormal make-up of the family into which he was born was partially accountable for his curiosity in intimate human relationships: His father had 2 children by his former spouse; when he remarried after her passing, it was to a woman of their age. Sigmund, her first son, frequently played with his older nephew who was older by a year. With another brother who was born when Freud was not even a year old and perished after 8 months; then came 4 sisters and a additional brother. 

There are many criticisms of his work, especially with regards to psychoanalysis. “Do not believe anything you see written about Freud or psychoanalysis, particularly when it is written by Freud or other psychoanalysts, without looking at the relevant actually happened.”- Hans Eysenck (Lambert, 1992). Eysenck also stated that “Freud was a drug-addicted fraud who consistently lied about his work, and his followers have further distorted the truth about his contributions” (Lambert, 1992). Peter Medawar described psychoanalysis as “the most stupendous intellectual confidence trick of the 20th century”. Freud's concepts have remained shunned by experts, psychologists, researchers, and scholars all around the globe beginning as far back as the nineteenth century. In fact, not one single Freudian theory has stood the inquiry of scientific scrutiny, or arduous philosophical debate. Consequently explaining why he is the topic of intense public contention, and controversial.