Informatiob System

Information system

A System is a collection of parts that work together to achieve a common goal.

An Information System can be any organized combination of People, Hardware, Software, Communication Networks and Data Resources that Collects, Transforms and Disseminates Information in an Organization. An Information System as a broad , Generic class of systems that Create, Process and Disseminate information. They are guided by a set of Policies, Principles, Procedures and Resources which helps in facilitating Organizational Decision Making.

components of information system:

1. People
End Users : They are people who use an Information System or the Information it produces.
Example – Accountants, Sales Person, etc
IS Specialist : They are people who develop and operate information systems. They include :
(i) System Analyst
(ii) Software Developers
(iii) System Operators

2. Hardware
These include all physical devices and materials used in Information System
Computer Systems
Computer Peripherals

3. Software
These include the programs and procedures
System Software (Example- Operating System)
Application Software (Example- Payroll Program)
Procedure (Example- Using A Software Package)

4. . Network
Telecommunication networks like the Internet, Intranet …..
Network resources include -:
Communication Media – Like Twisted Pair Wire , Coaxial Cable etc
Network Support – Like Modem , Internet Browser

5. Data
Data are more than the raw material of Information System

When we process data and convert it into a form that is useful and meaningful to the decision maker, it becomes Information.

Data can be converted into info by : collection, classification,sorting, adding, merging, summarizing, storing, dissemination.

Pyramid structure of informarion need

1.top managemnt (strategic decisions)
They used to establish the Vision and the long term Goal of the organization.
Their Decisions rely heavily on Intuition, Judgments, and Experience.
Example- Predicting The impact on Change in Global Economy.

2.middle mgmt (tactical decisions)

They used to coordinate, Control, and Monitor Various activities and act as Liaison between Operational Managers and Top Management.
Example – Assessing the impact of different marketing strategies on Product sales.

3. Lower mgmt (operational decisions)

They are responsible for the day to day Operations, activities and transactions of an Organization.
Example – Inventory Control

Types of information systems

1.personal info system

These Supports the Information needs of individual decision makers for solving Structured, Semi Structured and Unstructured task.Example- To Analyze market trends over the next five years.

2.work group info system

Many important decisions in an Organization are made by a group of individuals. Example- Launching New Product requires team effort and free sharing of information  among group members.