The Theory of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

The theory of Maslow's hierarchy of needs

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Introduction

Before the discovering of the Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, it is widely believed that: the society something about worthwhile beliefs and lifelong dedication was too little, everyone struggle for the goal of material wealth, once received, they will soon find the illusoriness of the pursuit, and then into the spirit of despair. Thus, many "successful people" is on the brink of disaster with "psychosis" success.

Maslow (2007) said: "the prospect of the collapse of the fundamental problems of our time is value... this dangerous state is serious than at any time in history."

He advocated "people-centered" psychological research, human nature, freedom, and the potential, creativity, motivation, experience, value, life meaning and self-realization meaningful questions for individuals and society. Under this background, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory emerged (Holzknecht, 2007).

In this research, it will illustrate the content of  Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, also, it will describe its application in the past, present and future which is not only in psychological study but in the field of business management activities. Moreover, this research will evaluate the contributions and limitations of Maslow’s hierarchy needs theory.

Theory content

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory was discovered by American humanism psychologist Maslow(Abraham Harold Maslow, 1908-1970) in the 1940 s,and the first time he mentioned was published in his .(Kadar 2013)

Through investigation and analysis, he thinks the needs of the people from incentive content point of view which can be divided into five modules, namely the "physiological needs, security needs, social needs and belonging, esteem and self-actualization needs".

To be specific, this five needs are described as following.

(1) lyPhysiological hneeds is represented by the most basic needs of necessary for people, which including food, water, air, housing and other physiological functions.

Secondlythe safety needs- the safety from physical and emotional suffering includes personal safety, life stability and protection from the aspects of pain, threat, or illness need.

(3) The belongingness are related to the social interaction, this includes the need of live, social relationship and a feel of belongings etc.