Amines

Chemicals

1-aminobutane (buytlamine),

phenylamine (aniline/aminobenzene),

glacial acetic acid/ethanoic acid,

acetic anhydride/ethanoic acid anhydride,

dilute NaOH(aq),

dilute HCl(aq),

phenolphthalein indicator,

bromothymol blue indicator,

benzoyl chloride.

Apparatus

5-10 test tubes

One 250 ml beaker

Two 100 ml beaker

Blue and red litmus paper

Hot plate

Procedure

EXPERIMENT 1

• Two test tubes containing 0.5 ml of aniline in each are prepared. Then 1 ml of distilled water is added in each of the test tube.
• Two drops of phenolphthalein added into the first test tube and 2 drops of bromothymol blue added into the second test tube.
• The test is repeated using 1-aminobutane.

EXPERIMENT 2

• 3 ml of dilute HCl(aq) added to 1 ml of phenylamine in a test tube. In another test tube 3ml of distilled water is added in to 1 ml of phenylamine.
• The solubility of phenylamine in dilute HCl(aq) as compared to its solubility in water is observed.
• In the test tube containing HCl(aq) and phenylamine, dilute NaOH(aq)  is added in little bit at a time to the solution in until it is alkaline to red litmus paper.

EXPERIMENT 3

• 1 ml of phenylamine is dissolved with 3 ml of acetic acid in a dry test tube. 2ml acetic anhydride is then added and the reactant mixture is shaken vigorously.
• The mixture is poured into 20 ml ice-cold water in a beaker.

EXPERIMENT 4

• 0.5ml of phenylamine is dissolved in 0.5 ml of water in a test tube. 0.5 ml bromine water is then added and the test tube is shaken.
• The addition of 0.5 ml of  bromine water is repeated until there is a physical change occur.

EXPERIMENT 5

• 5 ml of dilute NaOH(aq) is added to 1 ml of phenylamine in a test tube, and the test tube is shaken vigorously for 1 minute, I ml benzoyl chloride is then added, the mouth of the test tube is covered  with a rubber bung/stopper and the tube is shaken vigorously for two minutes. The mixture cooled down.

Results

EXPERIMENT 1