Environmental Science

There are many forces that contributed to the makeup of early civilizations. One of those forces is the agriculture. At one point the majority of the earth was covered with ice. As the climate started to warm up civilizations had to adapt to the new way of things. There were different types of plants and animals. Civilizations needed to create tools to help them survive in these times. When the ice began there were waterways that were made so people had to create boat like objects to assist in traveling. With the new plant life there was also new things for the civilizations to learn in regards to what is edible and how to tend to it (Sayre, 2010). All in all, the agriculture made for cultural differences in how the civilization eats. In North America they cultivated beans, squash and corn while the Mediterranean civilization harvested wheat. Religion is another force that contributed to the cultural makeup of civilizations. Each civilization had its own particular beliefs. The Egyptian civilization actually believed in an afterlife, while the Mesopotamians found that to be an unhappy they thought (Sayre, 2010).

Naturally there were social issues that arose due to the cultural differences. There were disagreements between cultures, wars and even invasions. Society began to be divided into different classes and each civilization had a reason to dislike another because their beliefs were not the same. A specific type of religion was not shared amongst all civilizations so this was especially something that people did not see eye to eye about. Again, an example that can be used would be the Egyptians and the Mesopotamians (Sayre, 2010). The Egyptians fully believed that there was an “afterlife” while the Mesopotamians found this theory to be depressing and did not agree with it. The belief of the Egyptians is what inspired them to create the pyramids that are located all over Egypt. This is where they placed the mummified pharaohs and their riches. As