Water Softening by Ion Exchange

Lab Report #3

    Water hardness is characterized as a measure of calcium and magnesium salts  broken down in water. Hard water will be water that contains a lot of broke down calcium and  magnesium cations, and soft water will be water that little or none of the cations. The hardness of water is imperative since it influences various parts of our life. Water hardness has an impact in transit water tastes, it makes issues with pipes and commercial enterprises, and the water hardness affects cleaning/washing. However the calcium and Magnesium that exist in the water don’t spoil it in any capacity.  

    There are different methods of measuring hardness of water. This  lab concludes with a study of water softening by ion exchange. Starting off with observing the reactions of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions. When Ca(No3)2, mixed with Na2CO3 we see a darker mixture than themisture of Mg(NO3)2. As soon as we mixed HCL with both mixtures the solutions turns clear. No reaction happens when placed near heat. However to those mixtures if we add HCL and heat the solutions clears and forms bubbles. Then we mixed solid CaCO with HCL. Which gave us a fizzy liquid mixtures.  

    EDTA titration is a chelating operators. A chelating operators is a substance whose atoms can frame a few bonds to a solitary cation. A pointer is added to the example to be tried that turns red if magnesium is available in the specimen. EDTA is included after and first responds with the calcium cations then the magnesium cations. After titration is finished, the water will turn blue. Where the titrations begins can be utilized to decide the convergence of the calcium and magnesium cations. One manifestation of utilizing

EDTA titration is that the EDTA will uncover to simply calcium and magnesium cations, however all are +2 cations.

    Finally we utilized a cation-exchange resin, which was an insoluble organic substance. Ions with a +2 charge, such as Ca+ions are more strongly bond to the resin than are ions with a +1 charge. In this experiment to soften the hard water 65 drops of 0.01M Na2H2EDTA was needed before ion exchange and 39 drops was utilized after ion exchange.  

    Hard water  contains large amounts of dissolved calcium and magnesium cations, and soft water contains little or none of the cations. EDTA is an useful way of measuring water hardness, however, he cation exchange resin is more effective.    Water hardness is characterized as a measure of calcium and magnesium salts  broken down in water. Hard water will be water that contains a lot of broke down calcium and  magnesium cations, and soft water will be water that little or none of the cations. The hardness of water is imperative since it influences various parts of our life. Water hardness has an impact in transit water tastes, it makes issues with pipes and commercial enterprises, and the water hardness affects cleaning/washing. However the calcium and Magnesium that exist in the water don’t spoil it in any capacity.