Cultural industries
The concept of ‘Culture industries’ was set up to criticize the mass culture`s commodification and standardization under the capitalized society by Max Horkheimer and Adorno. It first appeared on the book , the concept is complicated, and it is not a neutral concept, it has a strong negative meaning. The substance of culture industry’s generation showed that the retrogression of the enlightenment in the ideological filed, that is to say the some significant historical enlightenment had step back to its opposite direction, it became the tool of capitalism, which use its standardized strategy to cover the non-legitimacy of the capitalist system, keeps masses quiet, make them passive, obedient and rested for the next day at the factory, so we can say ‘culture industry’ is a culture system in modern capitalism which against the mass profit (Velimirovic, 2008). Different from any art forms during the history ‘culture industry’ is the result of modern technology, ‘culture industry’ with its powerful technique as well as the scientific awareness of the standardization and uniformity had disintegrated the specific character of arts, it finally result the end trend of art in capitalist society, but also a chance for mass culture’s booming. A simple way to understand the ‘culture industries’ that is it simple put the art into the market, shift from one-off production to mass production. For example, a bookstore that sells books, it may be a chain bookstore or an independent bookstore, it belongs to a culture industries. It hired sales to sell the books, managers to run the store, and customers would choose what books they interest in. It also may employ people to construct or distribute advertising. (wiseGEEK, 2016) The amount of book sales also depended on other parts of the cultural industry but one needs writers to write books, and one also depends on the editor and publishing house to publish the works, and in this process, the publishing house is considered cultural. A bookstore must have actually manufacture books; finally it became a part of industries. So in these conditions, the industry would finally decide what kind of book people could read and bought. The concept of ‘culture industries’ is more a philosophy idea, it result the society remain unchanged on the ideology, which made people ignore the key point of one issue and focus on the unimportant stuff. For example people watch a movie, which tells a story of a social event, what the movie want to delivery is hope people do something to change the society, but under the culture industry, people may focus chatting with others, and ignore the core idea the artist want to delivery to people, this is a signal of the lost independence of art. In the past times people were not allowed thinking freely, but under the ‘culture industries’ people allowed free to think but people lost the ability to think, one consider the free thinking as think what one should think but not what one can think, people`s mind became narrow.
