Apush Outlines

APUSH Outlines

Jessa Bartolome

Chapter 1:

I. Native American Worlds

1. The First Americans

1. Historians believed that migrants from Asia were the first people to live in the Western Hemisphere.

2. The first movement was from 25,000 B.C. until 11,000 B.C., small groups of hunters followed herds of game across a hundred mile-wide land bridge between Siberia and Alaska

3. A second movement of Indians was around 6000 B.C. through water and brought the Apaches and Navajo ancestors.

4. A third movement was around 3000 B.C. that introduced the Aleut and Inuit people or the Eskimos.

1. The Mayas and the Aztecs

1. Skilled Mayan artisans decorated temples and palaces with art depicting warrior-gods and complex religious rituals

2. The Mayas use hieroglyphics to record royal lineages and noteworthy events, including  wars.

3. In 1325, the Aztecs began to build a new city, Tenochtitlan (present-day Mexico City).

4. Aztecs used obsidian, which was hard volcanic glass used to make sharp-edged weapons and tools.

1. The Indians of the North

1. Most Indians were organized in self-governing tribes composed of clans – groups of related families that had a common identity and a real or legendary common ancestor.

2. The Hopewell culture – The Indians spread influence through trade or conquest. The Hopewell had spread their influence through trade from the Wisconsin to Louisiana, importing obsidian from the Yellowstone region of the Rocky Mountains, copper from the Great Lakes, and pottery and marine shells from the Gulf of Mexico. They eventually collapsed around A.D. 400

3. The People’s of the Southwest – The Hohokams, Mogollons, and Anasazis were the second complex culture that developed among the southwest. In A.D. 1000, the Hohokam were living in multiroom stone structures (Pueblos). The Mogollon developed distinctive black-on-white pottery. The Anasazis were master architects. These three tribes collapsed eventually due to drought and soil exhaustion. The Zunis and the Hopis were the descendants of these people.

4. Mississippian Civilization – Beginning around A.D. 800, the advanced farming technology of Mesoamerica spread into the Mississippi River Valley. Hernan de Soto invaded the region in the 1540’s and found the Apalachee and Timucua Indians living in permanent settlements. The Natches practiced human sacrifice.

5. The Eastern Woodland Peoples – Both male and female were able to farm but among the woodland Indians, women did the farming. The ritual lives of these farming people focused on religious ceremonies related to the agricultural cycle. People ate better because of women’s labor.