Section 11&12 Note Taking

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Summary

Confederates Fire on Fort Sumter

Confederate States are taking over federal facilities in their states like the forts and post offices.

Only 2 Southern remains when the time of Lincoln.

After his inauguration, the confederacy demanding the fort’s to surrender or face the attack.

Lincoln’s Dilemma

If Lincoln ordered a navy to attack the Confederate he will start a war. Or he treating the Confederacy as a nation, he will lose support from the Republican Party.

First Shots

Lincoln uses a maneuver by “sending food for hungry man” to support the fort.  Jefferson Davis choose to attack because if not, it will damage the image of confederate sovereign.

Virginia Secedes

When Lincoln called for volunteers the response for the north was overwhelming but in Virginia they were unwilling to against the South so they separated with Union.  However, the western Virginia was anti slavery, so they seceded from Virginia and become West Vegeria.  

Union and Confederate Strategies

The Union has big advantages compared to the Confederacy, they have abundant resources, an extensive railway system and  a central government. In the north they came up with a three-part plan to invade South however, in the South, the strategy is mostly used to defense.

Bull Run

This battle is occured 25 miles away from the Union capital. And it's a seesaw affair, with the result of South victory. Luckily the South would not attack the capital because they were too exhausted.

Forts Henry and Donelson

Lincoln appointed Grant’ army to invade western Tennessee. In just 11 days, his forces captured two forts and hold a good position on the Cumberland river. Finally the confederates surrendered.

Shiloh

It was a Confederates surprised attack to the Grant’s army when they were settled in a small church called Shiloh. Grant try to reinforce his troops and counterattack them. It is a bloody battle with 100,000 troops killed. Its ended with a draw.

Farragut on the Lower Mississippi

A Union fleet commended by Farragut to seize New Orleans. Five days later, the U.S flag flew over New Orleans, and took control the Boston Rouge and Natchez.

Ironclads

The ironclad ships have more durability than the wooden ships, Union used these ships to captured forts. Confederates recovered an Union ship --Merrimack which were suck off the coast of Virginia. After that more and more iron ships had been designed. It is the end of the wooden fighting ships.

New Weapons

During the war, they improved their refle to become more accurate and load more quickly. And also invented hand grenades and landmines. Because of this technology, it gave a great advantage by fighting in the trenches.

War for the Capitals

The Union’s next step was to captured the Confederate Capital. However the general McClellan was too cautious, he think his army was not strong enough to win the battle. So the northern newspapers began to mock him.

On the Richmond

Finally McClellan’s army was slowly towards confederates’ capital.

He encountered the confederates army on the way. The leader of confederates --Lee, determined to save the capital. Lee’s strategies make McClellan to backed away from the capital.

Antietam

Lee starts to move against to the Union’s capital. At that point, McClellan exploring their troops were separate. So he ordered his men to attack.And because of his cautious, he did not chase after the confederate start to retreat. After this battle, Lincoln fired McClellan.