Islam Case

Point of contact between Europe and the Islamic world in the Middle Ages doubled . The point spread of Islamic knowledge to Europe is in Sicily, and in Spain, particularly in Toledo, Spain (by Gerard of Cremona (1114-1187), following the city's conquest by the Spanish Christians in 1085). In Sicily, the conquest of the island by the Muslim conquest in 965 and again by the Normans in 1901 came the Arab - Norman culture of exemplary rulers such as Roger II, who has an army, a poet and member of the Islamic sciences in his palace. Muhammad al-Idrisi, an ethnic Moroccan, wrote Tabula Rogeriana or "Books Relating to Land Remote Exploration Comfortable" for Roger.

Crusades also increase the exchange of ideas and culture between Europe and the Levant, with Italian sea republics played a huge role in this exchange. In the Levant, like the city of Antioch, Arab and Latin cultures mingle rapidly.

During the 11th century and 12th century, many Christian scholars traveled to Muslim lands to learn science. Well-known examples include Leonardo Fibonacci, Adelard of Bath and Constantine of Africa. Also, from the 11th century to the 14th, many European students attending Muslim learning center to learn about medicine, philosophy, mathematics, cosmography and other subjects.

Following the fall of the Roman Empire and the beginning of the Middle Ages, many texts from the period Baharian Classic (" Classical Antiquity ") have disappeared from Europe. However , in the Middle East many Greek texts (such as Aristotle's writings), translated from Greek into Syriac language during the 6th century and 7th century AD M by Nestorian priests, Melkite or West Syrian Rite / (Jacobite) living in Palestine, or displaced by the Greeks from Athens or from Edessa, Mesopotamia, who visited the high teaching of Islam. Most of this text, however, saved, translated, and developed by the Islamic world, especially in the centers like Baghdad, where the