What Are the Principal Components of Telecommunications Networks and Key Networking Technologies?

1-What are the principal components of telecommunications networks and key networking technologies?

A network consists of two or more connected computers. Basic network components include computers, network interfaces, a connection medium, network operating system software, and either a hub or a switch. The networking infrastructure for a large company includes the traditional telephone system, mobile cellular communication, wireless local area networks, video-conferencing systems, a corporate Web site, intranets, extranets, and local and wide area networks, including the Internet.

• Describe the features of a simple network and the network infrastructure for a large company.

Office intranets are similar to the global Internet, but operate on a closed network infrastructure accessible only by those within it. This generally consists of a central data store (one or more computers known as servers) as well as Ethernet cabling, wireless access points, routers, switches, and the individual computers with access to the central data store. The individual computers connect to the network via either cabling or wireless access. The routers and switches then determine what level of access they are allowed to have, and act as traffic directors to point them to the central data store on the servers. As the individual computers send or receive data, the routers ensure it reaches the appropriate place.

• Name and describe the principal technologies and trends that have shaped contemporary telecommunications systems.

1-Rapid technological innovation has resulted in a proliferation of new hardware devices and new alternatives for business communications, from cell phones with Internet access to Wi-Fi wireless local area networks.

2-Continuing telecommunications deregulation has encouraged competition, lowered prices in long-distance telephone service, and created many alternatives for local phone services such as wireless, cable, and Internet telephones.

3-Distinctions between telephone, cable television, Internet, and satellite telecommunications providers have blurred as each type of network supplier seeks to provide video, voice, and data connectivity in a single network.

4-The dominance of Internet technologies in voice, video, and data communications is growing.

5-There is rapid growth in "last-mile" high-speed broadband connections to homes and businesses.

6-There is rapid growth in wireless telephones, wireless computer networks, and mobile Internet devices.

7-There is a growing scope of communication-intense services and products, such as Internet telephony and telephone photography. A new one currently marking its way into the market is telephone