Briefly Explain What Are the Main Factors of Rural to Urban Migration
Autor: wengjiankau • April 29, 2016 • Coursework • 338 Words (2 Pages) • 988 Views
Name: Kau Weng Jian
Matric Number: 232486
Group: B
Quiz 2
Briefly explain what are the main factors of rural to urban migration.
Rural-urban migration is a form of so-called internal migration which means a movement within a country where people move from the countryside respectively the rural areas into the cities, often the metropolitan cities of a country. There are many main factors of rural to urban migration.
The economic push factors include unemployment or underemployment in rural areas, low wages and no assets as well as lack of land which is sometimes due to inheritance systems that split the land among a large number of people, making it less productive. The non-economic push factors play an additional role and mainly include a poor rural infrastructure in general such as poor living conditions referring to housing, education possibilities and healthcare; furthermore aspects of agricultural change like modernization of farming, new techniques and machines as well as economic reforms in general cause less demand of labour in the agricultural sector and therefore it causes people to search for new job opportunities; additional factors that act as push factors are natural disasters, drought or famine, war and conflicts (esp. in Africa) that in most of the times affect rural areas by destroying most of their belongings and farm land and there with their livelihood.
The economic pull factors include factors that attract people to move into the cities which are mainly the counterparts of the pus factors: rural migrants hope for employment and higher wages in the cities caused by a higher demand of labour there in general, due to economic growth. The non-economic pull factors include social factors such as the hope for better healthcare and education provision or the urban facilities and way of life in general as well as factors like protection from conflicts, family reunion and family networks (i.e. that it is easier and more likely for people to migrate if they have relatives in town).
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