Review Questions

What are the five bases of power?

 Legitimate Power: Power bestowed upon an individual by the organization.

 Reward Power: Power that results from controlling the results or outcomes that others receive.

 Coercive Power: Power over punishments; leaders often use this type of power to get people to do what they want them to.

 Expert Power: Power that is affiliated with special knowledge or proficiency; this type of power is not exclusive to those at the top of the organizational hierarchy.

 Referent Power: Power that is gained through respect or admiration; like expert power, this type of power is also not exclusive to those at the top of the organizational hierarchy.

Differentiate between trait and behavioral approaches to leadership.

Trait theories focus on identifying the individual characteristics that make people good leaders; behavioral theories focus on what leaders actually do. The development of behavioral theories came about after researchers concluded that no specific individual characteristics that consistently predicted good leaders. However, researchers also found that no one set of behaviors consistently predicted effective leadership.

How is ILT different from earlier leadership theories?

The Implicit Leadership Theory is different from previous theories in that it emphasizes subordinates’ perceptions of leader behaviors, as opposed to the conjecture that leaders affect performance through their behaviors, traits, charismatic qualities, and the ability to structure situations and define roles. Essentially, leadership is the result or outcome, as opposed to the cause.

Distinguish