Biomass Gasifier for Rural and Agriculture Area of Pakistan

BIOMASS GASIFIER FOR RURAL AND AGRICULTURE AREA OF PAKISTAN

ABSTRACT

In modern day engineering, energy recovery, efficient energy generation is a challenging and big issue in the industry. Quality of life is directly related to consumption of energy. Each country developing or developed is looking for alternative fuels. Scientists and engineers are working day and night to use wind, solar, geothermal, hydrogen, and other “green” technologies to fulfill the energy requirements. In this competition biomass is an important candidate. Biomass is essentially a renewable source as is availability in unlimited. It is an extremely useful energy source which is used to either generate electricity or produce heat. To address this problem with coal, people resort to Gasification. Gasification is a key to produce environmental friendly natural gas. The resulting syngas (a mixture of combustible gas) can be used to run an electric power plant or in an IC engine. Gasification technique goes as back as early-1800s, when it’s first used to produce town gas but during last 50 years the technology has undergone a revolutionary transformation.

The selection of this project had least effects on environment by using biomass for energy production. World energy combustions increasing rapidly. Perhaps within the next few decades according to recent findings people are going to exploit renewable energy resources. Among them biomass is a suitable candidate. My aim is to research for designing biomass gasifier capable of producing enough power to supply a house. I wanted to build a self-sustained gasifier requiring no auxiliary powers for rural and agriculture areas of Pakistan. After thorough search simpler approach is adopted because of some constraints. In order to compromise on auxiliary power but on other hand aiming to achieve more power with a cheap apparatus. In this project certain design aspects of a biomass gasifier for rural and agricultural area of Pakistan will be discussed in detail. The aim is to design a gasifier which is sufficient for domestic use.

Literature Review Need of Gasification

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Figure 1-1: WORLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION (6)

In countries like Pakistan agriculture is playing very vital role. The bread and butter of many people come from farming. The growth rate of agriculture is either increasing or stable as time is passing. In 1996-2000 it was 2.0 but in 2006-2010 it jumped to 2.7[1]. In rural and agriculture area of Pakistan the resources like electricity and combustible gas are very rare. People are still implementing old ways to get heat energy or electricity. Most of them are fulfilling their needs by burning woods. 32 percent of Pakistan’s total energy needs is supplied by the forest in the form of fuelwood. Ninety percent of rural, and sixty percent of urban households use fuelwood [2]. If the percentage remains, the same in future a day will come when their will be a shortage of wood. Burning fuelwoods for heat is a very big environmental loss. It is disturbing the eco- system developed by the nature. There should be some substitute instead of wood for supplying energy.