Carbon Sequestration

Contents:

1. Introduction.

2. Literature surveys.

3. Work done abroad.

4. Work done in India.

5. Proposed work.

6. Work to be done in next semester.

7. References.

INTRODUCTION

Emission of CO2 after combustion of fossil fuels is a major problem and an issue of global concern now. It is responsible for changing various natural cycles including climatic cycle too. Since, the problem is of non-point nature and is at a global scale, some techniques may be developed to trap CO2 from atmosphere on a large scale. Few techniques have been suggested to trap CO2 through rocks and minerals. One of the processes includes Carbon Sequestration which is a natural geological process. There are already naturally occurring spontaneous processes which are trapping CO2 from the atmosphere and converting into metal carbonate minerals. The oceans along with all surface bodies are actively functioning in trapping carbon dioxide through minerals and rocks. Coal deposits are also under consideration for storing carbon dioxide. In this project work, a literature survey has been conducted to review the status of the subject and its applicability in mining related problems.

The objective of this project is to:

1. Assess the suitability of selected specific minerals for Carbon Sequestration, and

2. Propose a design containing layers of such minerals for carbon storage.

LITERATURE SURVEYS

1. Principle / Theories for CO2 sequestration by minerals.

Carbon dioxide sequestration with minerals is a technology in which CO2 is reacted with Ca-Mg rich silicate minerals (Olivine, Wollastonite, Nephiline, Serpentine, etc.)

These minerals are abundant in India. The economic and technical challenges are not a big problem as far as mining is concerned. The above minerals are relatively unstable and weathering reactions occur spontaneously in nature at slow rate. However, it is fastest at high temperature (300-400oC) depending upon the type of the mineral. The basic steps are as follows:

MgSiO3 + CO2 = MgCO3 + SiO2 + 88KJ

Olivine Magnesite Silica

Mg3SiO5(OH)4