Down Syndrome

Down Syndrome

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that is a result of an extra chromosome 21. The proper notation for this disorder is expressed as 47, +21, meaning that the individual has a total of 47 chromosomes, as opposed to the normal 46, and the extra chromosome is chromosome 21. Those diagnosed with Down syndrome are likely to experience health problems and intellectual disability. Children with Down’s are often placed in special classes that provide extra help with school work while helping them develop their motor and intellectual skills.

It is not difficult to point out an individual with Down’s. Some signs that physically show the disorder include having a small head, short neck, protruding tongue, upward slanting eyes and tiny white sports on the iris. The abnormal cell division of chromosome 21 is the cause of this disorder; there are different types of Downs that include Trisomy 21, three copies of chromosome 21, Mosaic Down syndrome, children have only some cells with an extra copy of chromosome 21, and Translocation Down syndrome, chromosome 21 is attached to another chromosome.

There are screening tests that can be done during pregnancy to diagnose Down’s, and unfortunately there is no cure for the disorder. The best ways to deal with Down’s are to take part in early intervention programs and using team care to provide the best care for the diagnosed individual. There is also extra help provided to those with Down Syndrome in school and at work. Having this extra chromosome does not mean that the individual is unable to do every day activities; they just need extra help that is all around them.