Global Isuues

Azhar Al Busaidi

ECH5785

25, Jan, 2016

HW #1

Answers:

(1)

              This essay will investigate the most recent status about the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the transition to achieving sustainability development goals. To begin with, we need to know a background about the Millennium Development Goals and what are they. The MDGs came out in September 2000 at the Millennium Summit where the world leaders gathered and adopted the United Nations Millennium Declaration. This declaration aims to reduce all kinds of extreme poverty in the world. Therefore, all of these nations agreed on this global partnership and promised to commit their nations into achieving the goals of the Millennium Declaration which known later as the Millennium Development Goals. These goals were set out to be achieved in a specific time frame depends on the goals. The start was in 2000 and the world leaders set a deadline which is 2015.

         The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) aims to reduce all forms of poverty all over the world like hunger, lack of shelter, diseases and epidemics, and pollution. At the same time, the Declaration included providing and promoting the basic human rights for everyone such as equality, education, health, stability and security, and all kinds of sustainability. The Millennium Development Goals are 8 and they all focus on demolishing poverty.

       In September, 2015 the summit of the Sustainability Development Goals was held by the United Nations and the main reason for that was to seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals and carry on achieving what has not been achieved by those leaders. However, this time thy will focus more on equality, women empowerment, and the three main dimensions of sustainable development (economic, social and environmental) in the critical areas of the world. The deadlines for these goals were set to be 2030.

            There are many indicators for success of the MDGs and SDGs but we can mention some of these main indicators. For instance, achieving universal primary education, increasing the net enrolment ratio in primary education and ensure that every child goes to school by 2015. Also, in health care, improving maternal health and providing skilled health personal for births which will lead to reduce the mortality rates by three-quarters between 1990 and 2015. In addition, one of the important things is reducing disease rates like HIV, Malaria, and other major diseases and reverse the spread by 2015. These are some of the indicators that were set to measure progress towards both the MDGs and SDGs.

            The Summit for the SDGs selected 17 main goals to be achieved by 2030. These goals were selected in a way different than the MDGs because first they seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals and stimulate more action over the next 15 years in areas that are more important for humanity and the world as a whole. So, they are broad since they will focus on areas like people (ending poverty and hunger in all their forms and dimensions), planet (protecting the planet from any danger and taking action on the main issues that concern us like climate change), prosperity (ensuring a prosperous life for every human being fulfilling the social, economic, and environmental stainability lives), and peace (help people to live in a peaceful and just that are free from war and violence). Those are the main aspects that formed the SDGs.