Cultural Comparison of Two Countries

Cultural differences can be roughly defined as the differences, influences, and factors with in a group of people that determine the customs and thought processes that individualize that given group. Professor Geert Hofstede’s theories suggest five dimensions of culture. The five dimensions consist of Power Distance, Individualism or Collectivism, Masculinity-Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Short or Long-Term Orientation. Through the use of Hofstede’s five dimensions; a cultural comparison of Japan and Iran can be examined.

Power Distance is the first of Hofstede’s dimensions that will be used in the cultural comparison of Japan and Iran. Power Distance is defined as, “Distance between leaders and followers; authoritarian versus collaborative relationships” (Baack, 2012, Ch. 2.4). The equality of the people within a society, which is the essence of power distance are somewhat comparable in both Japan and Iran. Both Japan and Iraq have medium scores ranging from 54 -58 respectively. This score would indicate that these two countries are somewhat hierarchical societies. (Hofstede, 2001). Similarities in Power Distance in both Japan and Iran would indicate that power is determined by rank, importance and seniority.

However, there are several cultural differences regarding Power Distance in both Iran and Japan. In Iran this hierarchal attitude is a form of control that is often accepted by individuals on both spectrums of power. “Hierarchy in an organization is seen as reflecting inherent inequalities, centralization is popular, subordinates expect to be told what to do and the ideal boss is a benevolent autocrat.” (Hofstede, 2001). In Japan the mindset is centered more on success and doing whatever is necessary to achieve that success. This comparison shows how a cultural can share similarities in a given area, but for very different reasons.

Individualism or collectivism is areas that can be explored in cultural dimensions.