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Rule Utilitarian: You must follow a set of rules, rule of thumb, that in the long run will maximize utility.

Deontology: Theories of duty

Kant: We should make moral decision based on the categorical imperatives.

His first CI says that in any situation, we should act according to principle which we could consistently translate into a moral law for all rational agents;

Behave only as you would want other to behave too

Critisicm: It does not take into consideration the consequences which can be negative at times.

Second CI is that you should always at in a way that you are treating human beings as ends rather than the means ⇒ You have to respect them and not use them to manipulate others in order to get the things that we want.

Second Deontology theory: Ross

We have prima facie obligations, which we must follow. Ross identified seven duties: Reparation, reciprocity, fidelity, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice and self-improvement.

He believes that during a course of action we may face more than one apparent obligation, where there by we have to examine the circumstance ⇒ We must make an all things considered judgement.

Strength: It prohibits absolutely certain kinds of apparent injustices.

Weakness: Lack of decision procedure or formula for resolving conflict between various duties ⇒ Should we lie even though it would be better to keep it to yourself.

Social Contract or Contractarianism:

Corporations and Moral Responsibility:

Characteristics of moral agents:

1) Moral