King Louis Xiv Case

Louis XIV ruled France for over 72 years beginning in the latter 17th century. His rule was a good example of an absolute government where there was little interference from other institutions. The documents below show that he was primarily concerned with his own self-interest both privately and publicly and showed little desire to advance the best interests of the state.

Born into royalty Louis wanted to bring all elements of French society under his control and for his personal benefit. This was illustrated vividly in a painting commissioned in 1688 that showed him being comfortably wheeled around by his numerous courtiers. Document 6 demonstrates Louis’ point of view that this type of lifestyle was acceptable and one that he was proud of. The abbe de Saint Real who naturally opposed the kings religious doctrines, took a more negative view of the courtiers working for him describing them as men of little intelligence and a dedicated desire to serve the king and do nothing else (Doc 7). The Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, which overruled laws supporting religious tolerances, played an important role in non-Catholics frequent criticisms of the king’s pampered life and activities (Doc 8).

Others took a more positive view of Louis XIV reign though they linked it to religious ideals. Bishop Bossuet, being of the church, believed that royal power came directly from God and was absolute and should not be confused with arbitrary government (Doc 9). De Montmeran also honored Louis XIV rule by describing the king’s power as unlimited and a person most cherished by God (Doc 4). Both of these religious figures would support the king in all decisions whether they were for the wellbeing of the state or not. The orator of the Assembly of the Clergy even took great pride in announcing the accomplishments of the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes and praising the king’s holy work (Doc 10). This was to be expected as the Catholic Clergy would