A Study on the Population Aging of China

A STUDY ON THE POPULATION AGING OF CHINA

TERM PAPER

Chinese Economy

November, 2015

Abstract

The purpose of this report is to evaluate the development of the demographic situation in the context of socio-economic change and justify the ways of resolving demographic problems in China; to gain the understanding of essence of the problem of population ageing in China.

Many of the problems and contradictions that have arisen during the economic transformations, closely linked with population and employment. The demographic question today is extremely important; as it is the key factor that hindering the developing of China forward. Real improvement of peoples lives and, as said Chinese-the revival of the nation, depends on the successful resolution of population problems, including the optimization of its age structure.

This report discuss general information of the demographic situation in China, such as population, natural growth ratios and age-sex structure of the population. Further, paper focuses on determining the causes of aging, consequences and possible solutions.

Introduction

The PRC during the whole period of its existence and especially in recent decades experienced huge impact of the demographic factor for socio-economic development of the country.

The analysis of demographic processes in the modern world shows in the last decade in the dynamic and structure of the Earth's population there had been significant improvements. Population problems begin to play an increasingly important role in domestic and foreign policy the various States of the globe.

China ranks the first place in the world by population. And Chinese population plays a major role in shaping the global demographic situation, but it does not stand on one place, every day it changes and alters the whole structure of the planet's population.

A huge population makes all the problems in China, the scale, depth, amazing sharpness and urgency. Hard driven population growth largely introduces an element of spontaneity in the development of social production. Now it becomes obvious that without achieving stabilization of the population, it is impossible to achieve significant results in addressing other socio-economic problems.

1. General information of the demographic situation in China

1. Population and natural growth

Demographic resources of China are unmatched in the world. In 2012 the population was approximately 1,35 billion people, or 23% of the population of planet Earth.

In ancient historical Chronicles is indicated that in China the first census population was carried out in the Kingdom of Zhou in 788 BC, during the Chu Kingdom in 589 BC such censuses of population were held relatively regularly after the formation of the centralized state.

After the founding of the People`s Republic of China in the country has become better General accounting of the population, and in 1953 held the first national census, the results of which showed a population of 582,6 million (without Taiwan). Second population census of China was held in 1964, the population at that date amounted 698,6 million people. In the summer of 1982 was held the third national census; the population was 1008,2 million people, i.e. for the first time exceeded 1 billion people. Data from the 1990 census showed that the population of the 29 provinces and Autonomous regions of China amounted to 1,160 billion people. The population of China 1949-1990 for the year increased by 618 million, from 542 to 1160 million people, the average absolute increase was about 15 million people. It should be noted that for the first half of the twentieth century, the population increased by only 50-60 million people, the population growth rate was about 0.3% per year. Of the total absolute increase 1950-ies there are 120 million people in 1960-ies – 145 million, in 1970-ies – 146 million.