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Leader Centered

Follower Centered

Interactive

Focus on traits and skills, leader behavior and power:

1. Leader traits and skill focus is

the assumption that some people are born with certain physical characteristics, aspects of personality, and aptitudes that make them successful leaders

1. Leadership behavior focus is what effective leaders do rather than what effective leaders are. It is based on two orientations that refer task orientations and relations orientation.

1. Leadership power focus defined as the ability to use human, informational, or material resources to get something done. Power is important for leaders for influencing not only subordinates but also peers, supervisors, and people outside the organizationsuch as clients and suppliers. It divides into two type that refer to personal power and position power. Personal power derived from the interpersonal relationship between leaders and follower. Position power is attributed to one’s position in an organization.

Focus on self leadership and leadership substitutes

1. Self-leadership focus is sometimes referred to as followership, is a paradigm know as self-leadership founded on creating an organization of leaders who are ready to lead themselves. A effective self-leader must have certain chararcteristic based on studies, such as the capacity to motivate themselves and stay focused an tasks, versatility, skillfulness.and flexibility to adapt to a changing nvironment and other

1. Leadership substitutes focus is things that guide or influence people in place of a leader, including individual,task and organizational characteristic

Focus on situational leadership model, empowerment and transformational leadership

1. Situational leadership model is examines the interaction between leadership style and employee readiness

1. Empowerment is delegating authority to the follower and holding him or her accountable. It includes making sure that the follower understand the task, has proper information,training, motivation, guidance and skill to be successful

1. Transformational leadership is the leader has the ability to influences subordinates to achieve more than was originally expected.