Final Exam Huma

1. The Dark Ages are also known as the Early Middle Ages, the five hundred years after the fall of Rome in 410 or 476. The term "Dark" was used due to the backward ways and practices that seemed to prevail during this time. Rome declined in power when the last Western emperor, Romulus Augustulus, was deposed by Odoacer, a barbarian. Since there was no authority to protect the citizens of the cities, the population declined during this period.

2. The Church of Rome replaced imperial Rome, but it could not control it all the land in it. It became small fiefdoms, the governmental system of feudalism. Feudalism had an impressive effect on Europe during the Middle Ages; the Feudal System in the Middle Ages was a territory driven economy. The lack of power and wealth created the growth of the feudal system. In feudalism most parishes had a rural population, smaller and less numerous. Castles and walled towns were guarded by the lord's feudal armies and provided security and safety to the peasants and towns people from invasions.

3. Exploration and discovery began in the 13th century. A time when Europeans began exploring the world in search of finding trade routes, and goods. The earliest of discoverers was Marco Polo who found land routes to India and China in 1271. The Age of Exploration began in the 15th century, when technology advanced and ships could be navigated from Africa to China, with the help of the astrolabe. For example, in 1497 Vasco da Gama sailed around Africa to India; and in1451 Christopher Columbus sailed the seas and mistakenly found the Americas.

4. The word "Renaissance" means "rebirth", a thousand year period that people started taking an interest in the learning of ancient times, Ancient Greece and Rome. Before the fifteenth century clergymen were the only educated class; they were accepted as authority on all subjects. In the Renaissance men all over Europe began to think for themselves. Leading to the "rebirth" of learning.

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6. Fourteenth century priest could not explain the cause of The Black Plague. People began to believe that only God's anger could produce such horrific displays of violence. Christians turned to blaming non-Christians and sinners, like cripples, lepers, Arabs, and Jews. The Jews were accused of poisoning of wells, causing many attack on the Jewish. No one in the fourteenth century considered rat management as a way to ward off the plague. Government authorities instituted measures that prohibited exports on food, condemned black market speculators, set price controls on grain, and outlawed large-scale fishing.

7. The Spanish Inquisition, was a law established in 1478 by Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile. It was projected to replace the Medieval Inquisition which was under Papal control. The Inquisition was originally intended in large part