Molecular Biology

Molecular Biology

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Answer 1

The conditional and inducible gene knockout is a type of technique which is used for the elimination of a particular gene from a certain tissue like the kidney and liver. The use of this technique is in the study and determination of the function of specific individual genes of the living organisms. This process is different from the traditional gene knockout because in this process only specific gene at specific time is being deleted (Li, Y et al. 2014). The traditional gene knockout may result in the embryonic death due to the gene mutation and thus the study of the gene in adult condition by the scientist gets prevented but the use of the conditional gene knockout technique eliminates all these side effects of the traditional gene knockout technique. There are several tissues which are not possible to be studied properly in the isolation, this proves that genes are inactive in some specific tissue and active in other tissues (George et al. 2015). However by the use of the this conditional gene knockout technology it is possible to eliminate the genes present at a particular stage of development and the study can also be done about the affect of the knockout of the gene of one tissue have over the genes of the other tissues.

        The most common technique use for the conditional gene knockout technology is the Cre-lox recombination system. In this system the specific recombinase enzyme Cre recognizes the two lox that is the loci of the recombination sites present within the DNA and causes recombination among them (Kumar et al. 2016).

         This technique of conditional gene knockout in mice is often used for the study of several human diseases because there are many genes present which produces similar phenotypes both the species. For studying kidney function and learning and memory in mice lacking Msc1 knockout mutation must be created in each of the embryonic stem cells that take part in the protein coding genes present in these tissues of the mice. The genes are made to be knockout because it is the best way to determine the accurate function of the genes and study more about the role of these genes in human disease. In this particular project it is to be focused that is there any deficiencies occurring in the formation of the wiring of the brain and development of  it  due to the elimination of the Msc1 and what happens if the targeted gene is not eliminated.  It also have to be determined that what changes occurs in the development of the memory cells due to the lack of these Msc1 (Put et al. 2016). Also the changes in the function of kidney due to the lack of the Msc1 have to be checked. This can be done by knockouting the Msc1 gene and after that monitoring the changes that are occurring in the mutated mice in comparison to the wild type mice.For the development of the mouse models comprising these diseases requires a new strategy for the generation of the animal lines with genetic changes that are identical. This opportunity is provided by the pluripotent stem cells isolated from the embryo of the mouse(Rotunno et al. 2015)..