Phy101 Ch1

Physics 110                                                             Worksheet 1 – Chapter 1

1. In Ptolemy's theory, he suggests that the Earth as the center of our Solar System. Also, he assumed the retrograde motion of each planets moved on a small circle, called epicycle, expect for the planets moved on a large circle, called deferent.

1. In Copernicus's theory, he set the sun at the center of the universe and all the planet kept the circle orbit and move around the sun. Copernicus did away with epicycles to explaining retrograde motion. When the Earth catches up with and passes a superior planet like Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn in its faster orbit around the sun, the superior planet appears to be moving backward in retrograde motion.

1. (a) The fundamental difference between the theories is the fact that Ptolemy's was Earth-centered and Copernicus's was Sun-centered.

(b) I think the reason of studying those during the first week of a physics class is to help us learn about the methods and validity of science as a process.

1. Copernican theory is more about the planets of the universe. This theory         set the sun at the center of the universe. It explained the retrograde motion of the         planets and observed the phases of Venus from Earth. Also, the planets kept orbits as perfect circles around the sun.

Copernican revolution identified the Earth as "just another planet" and suggested that humans perhaps do not occupy any special place in the universe. This way of thinking expand to biology, where Darwin found that the human species is not so biologically different from other species and the galaxy is not so different from the billions of other galaxies in the universe

1. (a) Observing, hypothesizing, testing, and so forth

(b) It is because science is continued to explore, then assumed an idea and test it to get the theory. Also, in the process, scientists will use evidence and reason to develop testable knowledge about the natural word. A body of knowledge was producing by this process.

1. (a) No, we can’t use the scientific method to prove the existence/non-existence of a god
   

(b) Because we cannot gather amount of date about the god and test it. Also, we cannot observe it to get the theory to prove it is existence or not.

1. The three different fields of inquiry are mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical, and waves.

1. Because scientists use experimental and quantitative methods to abstract mathematical laws to explain objects. Also, it must be able to reasonably explain physical phenotype they are targets, it must also be consistent with the calculation results with the experimental data with each other

1. (a) We cannot prove the theory is exactly true because the theory must first pass a lot of rigorous science methods and rigorous expression validation testing to orderly way to the theoretical results are compared with the experimental data with each other only. When the theoretical results and experimental data with each other, this hypothesis can be academic community acceptance.

(b) We cannot disprove the theory because scientists through the identification and formulation issues, composition and test hypotheses, experimental data collection, if there is no proposed hypothesis to explain the phenomenon, and then design experiments to test these hypotheses, check the hypothesis derived from these predictions are correct. So, the theory would certainly wrong.