Genetic Disease - Diabetes Mellitus

Kimberly

Mr.Richard

Science

January 21th, 2016

Genetic Disease-Diabetes Mellitus

Part A: Analysing karyotypes[pic 1]

Part B: Describing the reasons for and implications of a genetic disease.

            There were more than 387 million people in the world is suffering from diabetes nowadays(“Thailand.”), and over 4 millions cases of diabetes in Thailand in 2014("Thailand."), so what exactly is diabetes. Accordingly, diabetes mellitus(Nordisk) also known as diabetes is an incurable genetic disease when the amount of glucose("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”) is continually rising because of the human body unable to use it properly or by family inheritance issues. Glucose and insulin are important factors that easily led to diabetes, which glucose comes from the digestion of carbohydrate("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”) or also can be produced by liver,("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”) and insulin is a type of hormone that produced by the pancreas("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”) to allow glucose go into the body’s cells. Basically, diabetes is mainly determined by how’s the insulin("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”) works in the body, because its job is to help glucose enter to body’s cells in order to provide energy to the body. Therefore, when insulin doesn’t do its job properly, diabetes will be developed in no time within the human body. Diabetes bring multiple daily effects to people all around the body, including heart, eyes, kidney, nerves and digestion("How Does Diabetes Affect The Body?”), long term effect can resulted in high blood pressure, and high levels of cholesterol("How Does Diabetes Affect The Body?”), especially related to heart diseases. Life expectancy is reduced up to 20 years for type 1, up to 10 years for type 2.(Nordisk)

        There are mainly two types of diabetes. There is no insulin("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”) in the body to help unlock the cells for glucose to enter in type 1’s case, there is usually only 10% of people will encounter in, and most of them are found under the 40s or during childhood. In that case, people with type 1 diabetes tend to have more urination than normal people because of their bodies attempt to lower level of glucose in the blood by through kidneys.("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”) Since it is undiagnosed diabetes, so there is currently no cure for type 1 diabetes, but it is usually successfully treated by insulin injection or building an artificial pancreas("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”). On the other hand, type 2 diabetes developed when there is not enough insulin or the insulin isn’t working properly("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”), family hereditary component and it is often caused by being overweight. It is also the most common case for over 40s("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”) people, which is about 90% of all cases. Both cases bring similar symptoms to the patient, such as tiredness, always being thirsty and higher urination. The cure for type 2 diabetes usually needs to come with individual’s own food changing habits such as changing to a low-calorie diet, extra physical activities and some medication to treat it.("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”)  Also, patients with both types of diabetes will have blurred vision("Diabetes UK - Animation about Diabetes and the Body.”) because of there is not enough glucose to go into body’s cells.